Ghassan J. Z.; Ammar Saeed; Zakaria Wahab; Zakaria Wahab
Volume 23, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Pages 141-157
Abstract
To ascertain the best possible method for deed treatment that would enable germination and seedling growth of Mucuna bracteata, the experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Institute of sustainable Agro technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia. The design of ...
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To ascertain the best possible method for deed treatment that would enable germination and seedling growth of Mucuna bracteata, the experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Institute of sustainable Agro technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia. The design of the experiment was based on the Completely Randomised Design and it consisted of four replications. The results of the experiment indicated that when the seeds are treated in a blender for 2 minutes, it considerably improves the speed of germination, percentage of germination, mean daily germination, fresh shoot, dry shoot weight, and shoot to root fresh weight ratio. On the other hand, when the seeds were soaked in H2SO4 for 30 minutes, there was an improvement in the total fresh weight, mean germination time, dry root weight and total plant dry weight. When the seeds were treated in a blender for 4 minutes, it substantially improved the germination value, the peak value, and the total number of leaves per plant.
Balsam Salih Muhammed; Labed Sharief Mohammed
Volume 22, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 116-122
Abstract
An experiment was carried out at the Department of Field Crops laboratory, College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, in order to know the effect of stimulating the stored seeds of triticale Farah cultivar by α -amylase enzyme using a complete random design (CRD) in a factorial experiment. ...
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An experiment was carried out at the Department of Field Crops laboratory, College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, in order to know the effect of stimulating the stored seeds of triticale Farah cultivar by α -amylase enzyme using a complete random design (CRD) in a factorial experiment. The first factor was the storage periods of 6 months, 1.5 years and 2.5 years (S1,S2 and S3) and the second factor was α -amylase enzyme concentrations of 0 (dry seeds), seeds soaked in distilled water, 1 and 2 mg L-1 of the enzyme (C1,C2,C3 and C4). Results showed that increasing the storage period reduces the viability of seeds and their ability to germinate and seedling characters. The percentage of germination, plumule length, radicale, seedling vigor, plumule dry weight and radical dry weight reduced from 93.5%, 10.68 cm,11.05 cm, 2033.42, 0.1149 g and 0.1231 g in S1 treatment to 83.88%, 7.53cm, 7.5 cm, 1267.1, 0.0977 g and 0.1022 g in S3 treatment. The concentration 1 mg L-1 was superior in germination, plumule length, seedling vigor and plumule dry weight and the values were 92.44, 9.46cm, 1805.78 and 0.1111 g. However the concentration of 2 mg L-1 was superior in radical length and its dry weight. The best interaction was between storage period S1 and enzyme concentration C3 with values of 96.6%, 11.50 cm, 2212.33 and 0.1288 g for germination percentage, plumule length, seedling vigor and plumule dry weight and with the concentration C4 that recorded 11.67 cm and 0.1353 g for radical length and dry weight respectively.
Daham Muhammad Ali Al-Fayyadh; Mudhir I. Hwaidi
Volume 22, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 123-134
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in Al-Hajjaj district- Salah Al-Din Governorate, during the autumn season of 2021. The experimental design was randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. It had three ABA concentrations ...
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A field experiment was carried out in Al-Hajjaj district- Salah Al-Din Governorate, during the autumn season of 2021. The experimental design was randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. It had three ABA concentrations of 0, 9 and 12 mg L-1 that sprayed on plants at 4 and 8 leaves and at the beginning of flowering. Results indicated that a concentration of 12 mg L-1 was superior in shortening the number of days from sowing until 50% of tasseling (male flowering) 38.33 days and silking (female flowering) 41 days. The same concentration recorded the highest stem diameter of 2.47 cm, seeds number per ear 682.89 seed ear-1, 1000 seed weight 373.77 g, single plant yield 165.64 g and seed yield 11.04 tons ha-1, protein content 9.80% and ash percentage 1.39%. However, control recorded the highest germination percentage and speed of 95.89 and 64.80, respectively. Spraying ABA at 4 leaves was superior in recording the least number of days from planting until 50% of tasseling 38.50 days and silking 43.55 days and also excelled in giving the highest stem diameter 2.35 cm. However, foliar application of ABA at the beginning of flowering showed the highest means of number of seeds per ear 664.99 seed ear-1, 1000 seed weight 361.80 g, single plant yield 158.70 g, seed yield 10.57 tons ha-1, protein percentage 10.03%, and ash percentage 1.36%. Hence, foliar spray at 4 leaves recorded the highest mean 84.81 of germination speed.
Anwar Mohammed Raouf; Kocher Omer Salih; Aram Akram Mohammad
Volume 21, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 25-32
Abstract
This study was conducted at College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region-Iraq so as to investigate some nut traits in 10 bitter almond genotypes, capacity of them to release from dormancy and finally germination ability. Nut traits were calculated, and stratified ...
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This study was conducted at College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region-Iraq so as to investigate some nut traits in 10 bitter almond genotypes, capacity of them to release from dormancy and finally germination ability. Nut traits were calculated, and stratified in a sand medium at 6±1°C in a refrigerator for 55 days, then they were sown in fine sand on August 22, 2021 for 29 days to calculate germination percentage. There were great discrepancies among genotypes in nut traits. Nut length was between (23.66-32.73 mm), nut width (18.77-21.84 mm), nut size (3.16-4.26 cm3), nut weight (2.67-4.13 g), kernel weight (0.6-0.99 g), shell weight (1.94-3.27 g) and shell thickness (2.31-3.37 mm). The results of release from dormancy and calculation of germination percentage trials showed that the highest nut numbers from G6 (100%), G4 (86.11%) and G2 (65.22%) were released from dormancy and the same genotypes gave the best germination percentage, particularly G6 and G2 both gave (73.33%) germination. Depending on the results of release percentage from dormancy and germination percentage, G6 and G2 along with G4 were the best genotypes.
Khalid Khalil; Younis Suleman
Volume 19, Issue 1 , March 2019, , Pages 118-125
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of acetic acid, hot water, and cold sand stratification scarification at different periods on seed germination of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) in Salah Alden province. The seeds were collected from Kirkuk province area on September 2016. Carob seeds ...
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This study was carried out to determine the effects of acetic acid, hot water, and cold sand stratification scarification at different periods on seed germination of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) in Salah Alden province. The seeds were collected from Kirkuk province area on September 2016. Carob seeds stratified and not stratified treated by soaking in glacial acetic acid for 20, 40, 60, and 120 min. at lab temperature (25oC). Hot water (100oC) also used for soaking the seeds for 20, 40, 60, and 120 min. Experimental design of Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replicates, and 10 seeds per each treatment per each replicate were used and the results were compared to non-treated seeds. After soaking the seeds in acetic acid and hot water, they washed thoroughly and sowed in black polyethylene grow bags. The soil used was loamy with added organic matter. After 7 months, data recorded on the germination percent and growth features including plant height, leaf area, total chlorophyll, root length, fresh and dry weight of vegetative parts, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium percentages in the plant. The results showed that the treatment with hot water for 60 minutes achieved the highest percent of germination (96.67%), highest leaf area 12.86 cm2, highest root dry weight (0.14 gm.), and nitrogen percent of 5.52%. The treatment for 40 minutes with hot water gave the highest fresh weight of vegetative parts was 18.6 gm. and root fresh weight (7.05 gm.). The treatment with hot water for 120 minutes achieved the highest percent of phosphorous and potassium (0.49% and 2.07% respectively).
