Nano-Extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as A Novel Elicitor for Enhancing Callus Growth and Bioactive Compounds in Silybum marianum Under Light and Dark Conditions
1
Department of Biology, College of Education, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq.
2
Department of Biology, College of Education, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract
The current study aimed to examine the efficacy of nano-emulsion of seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum extract on growth of Silybum marianum callus, as well as its antioxidant activity and bioactive components under light and dark conditions. Firstly, a factorial experiment with ten replicates for each treatment to induce callus from seeds of S. marianum was achieved using completely randomized design (CRD) at p≤ 0.05 on different concentrations of plant growth regulators TDZ and 2,4-D to select the optimum combination of them which was 1.0 mg. L-1 TDZ + 3.0 mg. L-1 2,4-D. Then, a specific weight of callus was cultured on different concentrations of A.nodosum nano-extract (0.0, 20, 40 and 60 mg. L-1 ) and incubated under light and dark circumstances. The best callus fresh weight values were achieved in the treatment of 40 mg. L-1 of nano-extract (0.874 and 0.908 g under light and dark respectively). A significantly higher antioxidant activity was recorded in the treatment of 60 mg. L-1 (54.35 and 47.56 % under dark and light circumstances consecutively). Values of IC50 also recorded 113.46 and 102.28 µg.L -1 for the same treatment of nano-extract at dark and light treatments respectively. These results confirm the importance of the seaweed nano-extract as a biotic elicitor to enhance growth of callus of medicinal plants and increasing accumulation of bioactive components in it.
Kalefa,A. Emad, salim,S. Abdulrazzaq and ibrahem,A. Mohammed (2026). Nano-Extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as A Novel Elicitor for Enhancing Callus Growth and Bioactive Compounds in Silybum marianum Under Light and Dark Conditions. Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 26(2), 213-225. doi: 10.25130/tjas.26.2.16
MLA
Kalefa,A. Emad, , salim,S. Abdulrazzaq, and ibrahem,A. Mohammed. "Nano-Extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as A Novel Elicitor for Enhancing Callus Growth and Bioactive Compounds in Silybum marianum Under Light and Dark Conditions", Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 26, 2, 2026, 213-225. doi: 10.25130/tjas.26.2.16
HARVARD
Kalefa A. Emad, salim S. Abdulrazzaq, ibrahem A. Mohammed (2026). 'Nano-Extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as A Novel Elicitor for Enhancing Callus Growth and Bioactive Compounds in Silybum marianum Under Light and Dark Conditions', Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 26(2), pp. 213-225. doi: 10.25130/tjas.26.2.16
CHICAGO
A. Emad Kalefa, S. Abdulrazzaq salim and A. Mohammed ibrahem, "Nano-Extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as A Novel Elicitor for Enhancing Callus Growth and Bioactive Compounds in Silybum marianum Under Light and Dark Conditions," Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 26 2 (2026): 213-225, doi: 10.25130/tjas.26.2.16
VANCOUVER
Kalefa A. Emad, salim S. Abdulrazzaq, ibrahem A. Mohammed Nano-Extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as A Novel Elicitor for Enhancing Callus Growth and Bioactive Compounds in Silybum marianum Under Light and Dark Conditions. TJAS, 2026; 26(2): 213-225. doi: 10.25130/tjas.26.2.16
