Sadam Mohamad Hassan; Muna Salah; Nuha Hameed Albassam; Najlaa Salah Mdloul; Ahmed R. Muhaimeed; Muhammad Aliyu Sulaiman
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 31 March 2025
Abstract
Changes to the physico-chemical conditions of treated water affect the biological traits of the aquatic organisms. There are water quality issues in rearing fish using a recirculating aquaculture system. Certain technologies for water treatment to improve its quality are highly energy intensive and expensive ...
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Changes to the physico-chemical conditions of treated water affect the biological traits of the aquatic organisms. There are water quality issues in rearing fish using a recirculating aquaculture system. Certain technologies for water treatment to improve its quality are highly energy intensive and expensive to use, thus implying high investment and operating costs. There is needed to look for novel method of water treatment which not only improves water quality and fish growth performance but is also cost effective and energy efficient to face climate change, lack of rain, and consequently fresh water scarcity, especially in the countries most affected in the Middle East. Any improvement by incorporating the mechanical and biological filter in one unit of an aquaponics intensive system is important in order to improve its efficiency and aquaculture yield. By incorporating a plant, namely: strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, and okra as a biological filtration to absorb the nutrient disintegrated additional to the green sponge layer and gravel as a mechanical filtration even for control treatment, aquaculture may become more sustainable in the future. After the acclimation interval, 24 tanks were stocked with 7 fish of an average initial weight of 15.74g. However, treatments were assigned to each container at random to make five treatments. First, this work evaluated the gravel fine mesh was used in the control treatment, strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, and okra, as a biofilter media in an aquaponics system. The results showed a significant effect on common carp average growth performance for cucumber and okra compared to the control treatment. However, a better growth performance for common carp culture in water-exposed cucumber and okra demonstrated significant improvement of FCR. Hence, improve in fish productivity in aquaponics system. There is a significant effect on cell counts and plasma enzyme and biochemistry conditions in strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, and okra biofilter medias. The liver cells and gills of the fishes grown in strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, and okra exhibited a normal sinusoid organisation with no indications of lesions or abnormalities of the hepatocytes. In briefly, the study elucidates the interests of using strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, and okra as a biofilter unit for aquaculture due to improved growth performance of common carp fish.
Najlaa Madlul; Hadeel F. Hameed; Tasnim S. Yaseen; Muhammad A. Sulaiman
Volume 23, Issue 4 , December 2023, , Pages 192-207
Abstract
This manuscript aims to identify the relative importance of monetary and fiscal policies on the value of agricultural investment in Iraq, using Vector Error Correction Model [VECM], the impulse response function [IFC], and analysis of variance [VDCs] and applying it using quarterly data for the period ...
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This manuscript aims to identify the relative importance of monetary and fiscal policies on the value of agricultural investment in Iraq, using Vector Error Correction Model [VECM], the impulse response function [IFC], and analysis of variance [VDCs] and applying it using quarterly data for the period 2004q1-2020q4, the most important results that the fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq has a crucial role for agricultural investment as the main tool through which the country's oil wealth is transformed into economic results and distributed for the benefit of its population, but the volatility of oil revenues poses a challenge to fiscal policy in preventing the transformation of revenue volatility into fluctuations in public spending that could Destabilize the economy and reduce the efficiency of government spending, the research recommended :Diversifying the base of the Iraqi economy, which depends mainly at the present time on oil revenues, and creating an economy characterized by a gradual increase in the proportions of the contribution of other economic sectors in the formation of the gross domestic product, especially the agricultural sector, which adds cumulative values to the gross domestic product and constitutes a variety of financing sources for the budget and adopting early warning programs in the agricultural sector to respond to the problems resulting from these shocks at the lowest economic cost.
Wajnaa Saad Faisal; Sadam Mohamad Hassan; Najlaa Salah Madlul; Muhammad Aliyu Sulaiman; Abdalbast H. Fadel
Volume 23, Issue 2 , June 2023, , Pages 246-256
Abstract
The experiment was conducted in the animal production field, College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, for the period from 14/6/2022 to 14/8/2022 inside a semi-exposed building with three treatments. Each treatment included three replicates, and each replicate included (6) fish in a closed bio-aquatic ...
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The experiment was conducted in the animal production field, College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, for the period from 14/6/2022 to 14/8/2022 inside a semi-exposed building with three treatments. Each treatment included three replicates, and each replicate included (6) fish in a closed bio-aquatic system, by weight 13.75±1.09, a filtration tank representing the mechanical and biological filter in an intensive aquatic system with a capacity of 100 liters each, two aquatic plants were grown Water thyme (Hydrilla Verticillata), Torpedo grass (Panicum Repens), except for the control treatment, which was similar to all treatments except for the presence of aquatic plants. The water was treated in a mechanical filter unit through sponge layer, then directing the water to the biological treatment by means of crushed gravel, in addition to the aquatic plants to filter the dissolved organic pollutants. The results showed a significant effect of aquatic plants at (p ≤0.05) on pH, Cloredait (Cl) nitrate (NO3,) nitrite (NO2), and ammonia. Water properties reflect to the biological system of organisms. There was a significant improvement in gain weight (G.W), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion efficiency (FCR) for treatments T2 and T3 compared with control treatment. While, the result of the correlation or interactions between water characteristics with growth parameters for Common carp fish showed significant effects at (P ≤0.05) and (P ≤0.01) level.
Najlaa Salah Mdloul; Jadoa Shehab Ahmed; Ahmad Hussein Battal
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2022, , Pages 78-95
Abstract
The aim of the research is to predict the value of agricultural output and some fiscal policy variables using quarterly data from the first quarter of 2021 until the fourth quarter of 2025, through the application of different time series methods (random behavior, general trend, moving averages, simple ...
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The aim of the research is to predict the value of agricultural output and some fiscal policy variables using quarterly data from the first quarter of 2021 until the fourth quarter of 2025, through the application of different time series methods (random behavior, general trend, moving averages, simple exponential smoothing, Brown’s method In the exponential smoothing, ARIMA models) on each of the following variables (value of agricultural output, oil prices, government spending, GDP, agricultural investment, agricultural imports), and the results showed that ARIMA (1,0,1) model is the best A model for forecasting oil prices until the fourth quarter of 2025, and the results indicated that the general trend model is the best model for predicting the government spending variable until the fourth quarter of 2025, while the ARIMA (1,1,1) model was the model chosen to predict the variable GDP until the fourth quarter of 2025, as well as it became clear from the results that the best model used for prediction agricultural investment is the exponential smoothing model, while the ARIMA (2,0,4) model was the best model for forecasting agricultural imports until the fourth quarter of In 2025, the results also indicated that the best model that can be employed to predict the variable value of agricultural output is the quadratic trend model according to the predictive ability tests of different models..
