Salahaldeen H. Altai; Hudhaifa Maan AL-Hamandi; Awss M. Khairo; Omar Nazhan Ali; Ibrahim Ortas
Volume 25, Issue 2 , June 2025, , Pages 177-190
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on the water consumptive use, growth, and yield of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) under drought stress in Gypsifereous soil. The experimental station of the soil science and water rescuers dept. College of Agriculture, ...
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A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on the water consumptive use, growth, and yield of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) under drought stress in Gypsifereous soil. The experimental station of the soil science and water rescuers dept. College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, located at 34°40 49 and 43° 38 40 longitude and 129 m above sea level. The experiment was carried out with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factorial combinations, mycorrhizal fungi inoculation, and the second factor three irrigation levels still benefited 25, 50, and 75 % of water available water. The best results were that water consumption ranged between 649.5 and 758.9 mm. The post-depletion irrigation treatment and the inoculation treatment outperformed all growth traits and yielded all other therapies. The interaction between mycorrhizal inoculation and post-depletion irrigation gave the best results in all traits which reached plant height, leaf area, number of branches, grain weight, dry mass yield of the vegetative system, and grain yield, were 84.33 cm, 4.84 cm2, 464.36, 5.69 ton.ha-1 and 471.30 kg m-2 respectively outperforming all other treatments.
Hudhaifa AL-Hamandi; Yasir Hmood AL Janabi; Ahmed Maath Ahmed; Mijbil Mohammad Aljumaily; Mohammed Ali Al-Obaidi
Volume 25, Issue 1 , March 2025, , Pages 69-87
Abstract
The application of biochar has aroused great interest. Still, our understanding of the behavior of biochar with soil properties and its relationship with potassium forms on soil health in gypsum soils is limited. Biochar is a carbon-rich product that is used as a means to improve soil properties. Twelve ...
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The application of biochar has aroused great interest. Still, our understanding of the behavior of biochar with soil properties and its relationship with potassium forms on soil health in gypsum soils is limited. Biochar is a carbon-rich product that is used as a means to improve soil properties. Twelve soil samples have been collected from some gypsiferous soils in Iraq to determine the different forms of potassium and their relation with clay mineralogy and other soil properties. Collect soil samples were put in small plastic pots and adding biochar at a rate of 5 gm. Kg-1 for each soil to evaluate the effect of biochar on potassium forms. The X-ray diffraction showed that smectite was the dominant mineral in the studied soils followed by Illite, Kaolinite, Palygoriskite and Chlorite clay fractions. Results showed that biochar application improved all potassium forms and soil chemical characteristics. Biochar addition increased all potassium forms, from (0.011-0.041) to (0.031-0.075) (Cmolec Kg-1), from (0.05-0.19) to (0.08-0.22) (Cmolec Kg-1) and from (0.15-0. 41) to (0.25-0.61) (Cmolec Kg-1) for soluble, exchangeable and non-exchangeable potassium before and after adding biochar respectively. Whereas increased soil cation exchange capacity from (4.8-11) to (9.8-18) Cmolckg-1 and organic matter from (3.5-13) to (7.9-19) gm. Kg-1. It was found that the correlation coefficient between potassium forms for all soils after adding biochar was high and positive except for the pH.
Mijbil Mohammad Aljumaily; Hudhaifa Maan Al-Hamandi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , September 2022, , Pages 158-165
Abstract
Organic matter content in soils is highly variable and includes dead and living organisms and their decomposition products. plant residue and humic substances. Thermodynamically, organic matter is unstable in soils and later will oxidize to Co2, and H2O. The effective substances of organic matter decomposition ...
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Organic matter content in soils is highly variable and includes dead and living organisms and their decomposition products. plant residue and humic substances. Thermodynamically, organic matter is unstable in soils and later will oxidize to Co2, and H2O. The effective substances of organic matter decomposition are fulvic and humic acids (FA+Hu) which contain Several functional groups that release electrons or protons during their decomposition leaving behind several radical groups that act as electron donner to ward heavy metal ions forming FA and Hu-metal soluble and insoluble complexes. Those metallic-organic Complexes are variable by their Stability constant (SC) which is absolutely pH-dependent. The less stable the metal complex, the higher mobility in soil, In contrast, a highly stable metal complex is less soluble and mobility. So, organic matter plays an important role in the accumulation, leaching, and transportation of heavy metal Cations present in water and soils as chelates of different Stability and supplying plant roots by these ions and behavior as a buffering substance to heavy metal mobility.
