Document Type : Articles
Authors
1 Administrative and Financial Department, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
2 Department of Council Affairs, Presidency of the University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract
The study was conducted to identify heavy and light sand minerals and to determine their morphological properties and distribution within the soils of some sites in Iraq (north, center, and south) And the extent of its impact on the structural composition of these soils to identify the appropriate methods for managing them and raising their production efficiency.The studied soil samples were obtained from depths of (0-30) cm and (30-60) cm. According to the mineral analyses of the sand particles, the analysis results showed that light minerals with a specific gravity of less than 2.89 largest part of the sand fraction. The carbonate rock minerals, which fall within the rock fragments, are dominated by Quartz, Feldspars, and the group of coated grains by clay. Results revealed clear differences in the proportions of light and heavy minerals and their morphological characteristics between the study areas,reflecting these regions' diverse geological and environmental characteristics. Study showed that the percentage of light minerals in the studied samples was much higher than that of heavy minerals in all the study soils. This shows the effect of different factors, such as weathering, transport, and sedimentation.Results showed that when studying the Weathering Index for light minerals, there was a slight variation between its values for all regions. it was also noted that the Weathering Index increased in the surface soil layer of the Tikrit site and the Qal'at Saleh and Al-Kahlaa sites, which indicates that these soils were exposed to and affected by weathering factors.
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